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{{Infobox_Company| company_name = RadioShack Corporation| company_logo = | company_type = | company_slogan = || foundation = 1925| location = Fort Worth, Texas,
United States| key_people =| industry =
Retail| slogan = "Do Stuff."| homepage = www.RadioShack.com| revenue = $4.78b (2006)-->.RadioShack Corporation (formerly [Tandy Corporation) () runs a chain of electronics retail stores in the United States, as well as parts of Europe,
Central America, South America and Africa.
As of 2003, it has more than 6,000 stores in the USA and reported net sales and operating revenues of $4.6 billion. RadioShack briefly reopened stores in
Canada after losing its former subsidiary InterTAN (independent since 1986) to a purchase by
Circuit City in 2004. However in December 2006, RadioShack Canada announced it would be closing its nine corporate stores to focus on strengthening its core business in the US. The head office of RadioShack is located in
Fort Worth, Texas.
RadioShack's current
store brand include Presidian (audio and video equipment), Accurian (audio equipment and video equipment), Optimus (digital imaging products), Gigaware (personal computer accessories), Voicestar (wireless phone accessories, including leather cases, holsters and hands-free headsets), MyMusix (MP3 players) and
Enercell (batteries and power accessories). Discontinued brands include Realistic (sound equipment), and Archer (wiring and antennas).
History
The first 40 years
The company was started as
Radio Shack in 1921 in Boston, Massachusetts, by two brothers,
Theodore Deutschmann and
Milton Deutschmann, who wanted to provide equipment for the cutting-edge field of amateur, or
Amateur radio, radio.. Theodore and Milton Deutschmann opened a one-store retail and mail-order operation in the heart of downtown Boston. They chose the name, "Radio Shack," which was a term for the small, wooden structure that housed a ship's radio equipment. The Deutschmanns thought the name was appropriate for a store that would supply the needs of radio officers aboard ships, as well as "ham" radio operators.
The company issued its first catalog in the early 1940s and then entered the high-fidelity music market. In 1954, Radio Shack began selling its own private-label products under the brand name
Realist, but was subsequently sued and consequently changed the brand name to
Realistic. After expanding to nine stores plus an extensive mail-order business, the company fell on hard times in the 1960s. Radio Shack was essentially bankrupt, but Charles Tandy saw the potential of Radio Shack and retail consumer electronics and bought the company for $300,000.
Tandy Corporation
In 1963, Radio Shack was purchased by the Tandy Corporation, which was originally a
leather goods corporation, and renamed
Tandy Radio Shack. Tandy eventually divested itself of its non-electronic product lines.
Tandy (through
InterTAN) also operated a chain similar to RadioShack in the
United Kingdom under the "Tandy" name from the 1970s until the late 1990s. The stores were sold to
Carphone Warehouse in 1999, and over the next few years were converted to that format, or sold off.
Tandy entered the Australian market in 1973. In 2001 Woolworths Limited acquired the Australian operations and merged them with their
Dick Smith Electronics business.
During the 1960s and 1970s, Radio Shack marketed its free battery card; a wallet-sized cardboard card, free, which entitled the bearer to free batteries when presented at one of their stores. The bearer was limited to one a month, although many customers would frequent several stores with several cards every month. These cards also served as generic business cards for the salespeople in the 1980s; the "battery club" card was still used until the company-wide changes in the early 1990s.
In 1978, three years after the famous MITS Altair, Radio Shack introduced the
TRS-80, one of the first mass-produced personal computers that became a big hit. This was followed by the
TRS-80 Color Computer designed to attach to a television for use as a monitor. In the late 1980s, Radio Shack made the transition from its proprietary 8-bit computers to its proprietary IBM-PC-compatible Tandy computers; however, shrinking margins and a lack of economies of scale led Radio Shack to exit the computer-manufacturing market by the mid-1990s.
Radio Shack had another big hit with products designed to take advantage of the Family Radio Service, a short-range walkie-talkie system. Since the mid-1990s, the company has attempted to move into the consumer small components markets, focusing on marketing wireless phones.
In 1993, Len Roberts became president of Radio Shack. The move came as a radical career departure for Roberts, who spent more than 20 years in the food industry, beginning with Ralston-Purina, where he served in various management and marketing positions.
In early summer 1995, it was elected that the name "Radio Shack" would be spelled in CamelCase as "RadioShack", and a new logo would be launched.
RadioShack Corporation
In May of 2000, the company dropped the Tandy name altogether, instead opting for
RadioShack contracted into one CamelCase word. The logo had been changed from the '70s-style bullethole lettering to the current stylized
R (Not in a font by Group W) in
1995.
Also in
2000, the company-owned Realistic (brand) and Optimus brands were discontinued when the company entered into an agreement to carry RCA products, although RadioShack hasn't made products under the Realistic name since the early 1990's. When the RCA contract ended in 2004, RadioShack added its own Accurian and Presidian brands, and then re-introduced the Optimus brand in 2005 on some low-end products. RadioShack still has its own brand of batteries, called Enercell.
Many RadioShack stores still carry products dating as far back as the
1980s. Older RadioShack products feature the old logo, or an older Realistic or Archer brand name. It is not uncommon to see a few generations of packaging variations on slower moving products.
Until 2002, RadioShack routinely asked for the names and addresses of customers who made purchases so they could be added to the mailing list. Personal information is still requested when purchasing a cellular phone, service plan, mail order part, Direc2U item (which is a fee-free special ordering of a product not in stock), returning an item, paying with a check, or opening a RadioShack Answers Plus credit card. The
Seinfeld television program satirized this practice in one episode. As of
February 2007, the company has again begun to request customer information on nearly all purchases, though the practice is not quite as strictly required of associates.
On December 20, 2005, RadioShack announced the sale of its newly built riverfront Ft. Worth headquarters building to German-based
KanAm Grund. RadioShack will continue to lease the property for 20 years.
Charles Tandy also inspired the Tandy Kids, a duo of teen calculator enthusiasts who teamed up with the likes of Archie and Superman.
"Fix 1500" Initiative
In a controversial and wide sweeping move, RadioShack in early 2004 introduced a program to "correct" inventory and profitability issues company wide called
Fix 1500. District managers and administrators assessed the skill level of all store managers (5,000+ at the time) and put the 1,500 lowest-graded managers "on notice". The strategy was revolutionary because employees were
not included in the program because of parameters based on tangible store and personnel data. Instead, managers were selected by assessed skill deficiencies obtained in subjective one-on-one interviews between district and store management. What created more controversy was that the metrics of the skill deficiencies were graded in comparison to all other store managers, with a pre-determined number (1,500) of selections. Simply put, store managers were not selected for
Fix 1500 based upon their own skill level, but in comparison to how the other 70% of store managers company wide were subjectively graded.
Typically, a 90-day period would be established for the manager to improve his/her "grades" (thus causing another manager to then be selected for
Fix 1500). As a result, a total of 1,734 store managers were reassigned as sales associates, or terminated, in a 6-month period. Also, during this period of time, RadioShack canceled the employee stock purchase plan. Although the stock price began to surge, by the first quarter of 2005, the metrics of skill assessment used during
Fix 1500 had already been discarded, and the corporate officer who created the program had resigned.
By
May 2005, RadioShack (RSH) stock fell over 30%, and the company offered to buy back shares from former employees and managers at a comparatively much lower price than the original purchase. This predictably decreased earnings per share (EPS), but improved overall volume at that time. Stock options for district and regional management however were never revoked.
CEO résumé scandal
On February 20,
2006, the company announced that its CEO, David Edmondson, had resigned over questions raised about his
résumé. Edmondson had just been arrested for drunk driving when reporters learned that, despite his résumé's claim that he had earned degrees in theology and psychology from the Heartland Baptist Bible College, the school's records showed he'd completed only two semesters and had never even offered a course in psychology. Edmondson, who became RadioShack's CEO in
May 2005 after being groomed for the spot, admitted that he had "clearly" misstated his academic record on his résumé and on the company's Web site. RadioShack promised to hire a lawyer to investigate the matter surrounding Edmondson.
Leadership then immediately fell to Claire Babrowski as acting-CEO, chief operating officer and president for RadioShack. She had just joined several months prior, after spending 31 years employed with
McDonald's, most recently as a vice president and Chief Restaurant Operations Officer. Claire Babrowski is no longer with the company.
Ms. Babrowski's immediate successor is Julian Day, formerly the CEO and President of Kmart, now a part of
Sears, Roebuck and Company.
RadioShack had also admitted that 2005 fourth-quarter earnings had fallen 62 percent after a switch in wireless providers led to an inventory write-down. The news sent the company's shares to an almost three-year low.
Company Restructuring
New Strategy
To divert attention from the scandal concerning former CEO David Edmondson departure, RadioShack in the spring of 2006 announced a strategy to increase average unit volume, lower overhead costs, and grow profitable square footage. Many prior efforts involving supply chain management, store management liquidation, and excessive store display renovations had failed. Since the plan’s announcement in February, the company has closed 480 underperforming stores, consolidated its distribution centers, embarked on a cost restructuring program, and liquidated end-of-life merchandise to make room for a new product assortment.
Corporate Layoffs
Despite these actions, stock prices plummeted within what was otherwise a booming market, and brand marketshare decreased by fivefold. On
August 10, 2006, RadioShack announced plans to reduce its workforce at company headquarters by approximately 400 to 450 positions across its various support functions. Company officials said this action was necessary to reduce the company’s overhead expense and improve its long-term competitive position in the marketplace while supporting a smaller number of stores.
Most of RadioShack’s planned reductions occurred on
August 28 at its headquarters operation in Fort Worth, Texas. Approximately 1 out of 5 positions were eliminated, and it affected employees at all levels of the company.
All employees at the corporate headquarters were informed of the impending cut 10 days in advance. As previously communicated to employees, an e-mail notification was sent on the published day and time to employees whose positions were terminated. They were given 30 minutes to finish packing up, say their goodbyes to co-workers and then attend a meeting with their senior supervisors. Afterward, a larger meeting with human resources allowed departing employees to obtain their benefits packages and ask questions. This move drew immediate widespread public criticism for its perceived lack of sensitivity. 101 Dumbest Moments in Business.
CNN. 2007. Retrieved on January 23, 2007. There have been many profuse efforts by RadioShack Corporation to modify, minimalize, and in some cases delete reportage of this controversy.
International operations
Operations in Canada
Pre-2005
The Canadian counterpart of RadioShack, also known as Radio Shack, was run by a company called
InterTAN, acquired in 2004 by Circuit City. However, RadioShack sued InterTAN one week after the purchase, claiming InterTAN had breached the terms of their agreement. On March 24, 2005, a U.S. district court judge ruled in favor of RadioShack and cancelled their agreement, meaning that all 950 RadioShack stores in Canada must stop using the brand name in any of their products, packaging or advertising by
June 30,
2005. As a result, all of the InterTAN stores were rebranded under the name The Source by Circuit City and RadioShack Corporation plans to open its own stores in Canada under the RadioShack name.
Post-2005
After preventing InterTAN from using the RadioShack trademark, RadioShack announced its intention to re-enter the Canadian market itself with a Canadian division. InterTAN is pursuing court action to prevent RadioShack from using the trademark in Canada until the original 2010 expiry date of the original licensing agreement. The company had planned to have 20 to 30 stores operating in Canada as RadioShack by the end of 2005, mostly in the Toronto area, but progress was slower than anticipated. As of
September 2006, nine company-owned stores had been opened and 16 dealer stores were operating under the name RadioShack, signing new agreements with RadioShack Corporation.
In January 2007, RadioShack Corporation announced that it closed its nine company-owned stores in Canada in order for the company to refocus its attention and resources on strengthening its core business in the U.S. .
Operations in Australia
InterTAN Australia ran Tandy stores until 2002, when it was announced that
Woolworths Limited would acquire them for AUD$114 million and merge them into their existing Dick Smith Electronics business. After the merger, Woolworths found Tandy to be in poor condition and has been trying to rejuvenate that part of the business since. Various Radioshack & Optimus branded stock continue to be sold exclusively in Tandy stores, but these are continuously been superseded by
Dick Smith Electronics branded stock.
Operations in France
InterTAN operated Tandy stores in France, selling standard RadioShack brands, Realistic, Optimus, and Archer. Sales people sometimes came from the French-speaking
Québec. The French subsidiary went bankrupt and closed by the end of December 1993. Sales representatives blamed this on the practice of selling non-store brands (such as IBM laptops) with margins that were too low.
Operations in Belgium
Tandy stores were introduced in Belgium in the early
1970s. The opening of a Tandy store was usually accompanied by a publicity campaign where free 5-D cell flashlights were given away, with free batteries available through the Tandy battery card. Initially, the Tandy stores only sold their proprietary brands such as
Realistic,
Archer or
Optimus.By the mid-
1980s however many Tandy stores had closed and by
1990, Tandy had disappeared from the Belgian market. In the last years of operation, they also stocked mainstream brands, which made the stores lose a lot of their peculiar character.
As at 2007, one Tandy store remains open in
Merksem, claiming to be the only remaining Tandy store in Europe.
Other Operations
Corporate Citizenship
RadioShack's charity of choice is the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, a nonprofit organization. The organization's store presence is the StreetSentz program, which is a child identification and educational kit readily available to families free of charge.
RadioShack's green initiative involves the Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation, in which end-of-life rechargeable batteries are dropped off in-store to be safely recycled. End-of-life wireless phones can also be recycled.
Sponsorship
RadioShack is an official sponsor and partner of Major League Soccer and F.C. Dallas, a Major League Soccer Franchise.
RadioShack and other retailer partnerships
In August 2001, RadioShack opened new kiosk-style stores inside
Blockbuster (movie rental store) outlets. The project ended in February 2002 when CEO Len Roberts announced that the stores did not meet expectations.http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FNP/is_2_41/ai_82105519A more successful venture for RadioShack has been the wireless kiosks the company has been operating since 2004 within Sam's Club discount warehouses. RadioShack purchased the kiosk operations from Arizona-based Wireless Retail Inc. The kiosks are staffed by RadioShack personnel and carry RadioShack-branded merchandise, and have netted among the highest profit per square foot figures of RadioShack's retail operations.
In popular culture
- In the 1988 movie Short Circuit 2, the heavily damaged Johnny 5 robot breaks into a RadioShack in order to repair himself.
- In the 2002 movie Kung Pow! Enter the Fist, while the main character escorts an injured man, the man says "Tell me if you see a RadioShack"
- The popular Internet video series, Ask a Ninja's website parodies RadioShack's former tagline: "You've Got Questions. We've Got Answers." with "You've Got Questions. Ninja Got Answers."
- In The Simpsons Treehouse of Horror story about Bart having an evil Siamese twin (The Thing and I), Homer says that they should look for Bart's evil twin in a place where all wretched misfits go. Lisa suggests they start at Radio Shack.
- Parodied story on "The Onion", "Even CEO Can't Figure Out How RadioShack Still In Business" http://www.theonion.com/content/news/even_ceo_cant_figure_out_how
- In the movie Die Hard 2 when a character is asked who has a transmitter, the reply was "sure, someone want to run down to RadioShack and buy a transmitter?"
- In the movie Transformers (film), during the scene at the dam. When asked to transmit a call on the shortwave radio, Tyrese states "Why am I using some piece of shit old RadioShack radio!"
Notes
References
External links
- Official homepage of RadioShack
- Official homepage of RadioShack Canada
- Official history of RadioShack
{{Finance links| name = RadioShack Corporation| symbol = RSH| sec_cik = 96289| hoovers = 11441-->
Radio Shack
Searchable online catalog with more than 20,000 electronics products.
Important information about RadioShack Canada
... RadioShack warranties, please call Assurant at 1-800-309-3811. Thank You for Your Patronage and Support *If you have any questions, please call 1-800-THE-SHACK.
RadioShack.com - Cables, Parts & Connectors: Connectors & connectivity
Thank you for visiting Radio Shack. If you need assistance with shopping on our site, please call us at 800-843-7422 and a customer care representative will be happy to assist you.
RadioShack Learning Center
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